9-10.WS.1. Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
a. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claim(s) and create an organization that establishes clear relationship among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.
b. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience’s knowledge level and concerns.
c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.
d. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.
e. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.
Bell Work: Gerund Phrases
Copy the sample sentence on one side of your notecard.
SAMPLE SENTENCE: Making new friends didn't come easily, but in time he developed a skill at that.
Robert Ludlum, The Prometheus Deception SAMPLE SENTENCE: My mother told me about dressing in her best party clothes on Saturday nights and going to the town's plaza to promenade with her girlfriends in front of the boys they liked.
Ortiz Cofer, "The Myth of the Latin Woman"
Copy the description on the other side. Gerund Phrase- a verbal ending in ing used to name activities. A verbal is a verb that also works like another part of speech. Gerunds show action, so they act like verbs, but they also name, so they act like nouns by naming activities. The difference between gerunds and present participles is that present participles can be removed from the sentence without destroying the sentence.
Practice Together- Gerund or Participial Phrase?
1. Feeling so much better after the nap, Gunster dressed and went out.
Feeling so much better after the nap relieved Gunster.
2. His mom had warned Ricky about going down the staircase backward.
Ricky, going down the staircase backward, was very unsteady.
3. The damaged plane landed poorly, skidding left and right with sparks flying everywhere.
The captain during touchdown worried about skidding left and right with sparks flying everywhere.
An argument is a reasoned, logical way of demonstrating that the writer’s position, belief, or conclusion is valid. In English, students make claims about the worth or meaning of a literary works, defending their interpretation with evidence from the text, for example.
In short, arguments seek to make people believe that something is true or to persuade people to change their beliefs or behavior.
An argumentative essay
A persuasive essay
Makes claims based on factual evidence
Makes counter-claims. The author takes opposing views into account.
Neutralizes or "defeat" serious opposing ideas
Convinces audience through the merit and reasonableness of the claims and proofs offered
Often compares texts or ideas to establish a position
Logic-based
Often compares texts or ideas to etablish a position
Logc-based
May make claims based on opinion
May not take opposing ideas into account
Persuades by appealing to the audience’s emotion or by relying on the character or credentials of the writer – less on the merits of his or her reasons and evidence.
Emotion-based
Key Terms for Argumentation Claim– Your basic belief about a particular topic, issue, event, or idea Counterclaim– A solid and reasonable argument that opposes or disagrees with your claim Rebuttal– A written or verbal response to a counterclaim. The object of the rebuttal is to take into account the ideas presented in the counterclaim and explain why they aren’t persuasive enough, valid enough, or important enough to outweigh your own claim. Support– Your specific facts or specific evidence used to support why your claim is true Refute– Argue against a position or prove it to be wrong Qualify– A "partly-agree" stance in which you agree (in part) with another person’s argument or position but also disagree with part of it.
Read Together!
Read the final chapter of The Tao of Pooh, "The Now of Pooh."
The Tao of Pooh Argument Prompt
As a class, we have challenged whether Taoism is applicable to our day and age as Benjamin Hoff puts forth in The Tao of Pooh. How do we apply Taoism today? Is it possible? If so, how? If not, then why not? In your essay, you must tackle these questions using evidence from the book as well as your own experiences. You must firmly and effectively support your claims and analyze at least three of the following major themes of Taoism in The Tao of Pooh:
• The Uncarved Block • Inner Nature vs. Cleverness • Wu Wei • Bisy Backson • The Great Nothing
Homework
We need to get serious about independent reading! Journal check coming Friday! You need to have 9 or 10 entries!
Standards
9-10.WS.1.Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
a. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claim(s) and create an organization that establishes clear relationship among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.
b. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience’s knowledge level and concerns.
c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.
d. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing.
e. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.
Bell Work: Gerund Phrases
Copy the sample sentence on one side of your notecard.SAMPLE SENTENCE: Making new friends didn't come easily, but in time he developed a skill at that.
Robert Ludlum, The Prometheus Deception
SAMPLE SENTENCE: My mother told me about dressing in her best party clothes on Saturday nights and going to the town's plaza to promenade with her girlfriends in front of the boys they liked.
Ortiz Cofer, "The Myth of the Latin Woman"
Copy the description on the other side.
Gerund Phrase- a verbal ending in ing used to name activities. A verbal is a verb that also works like another part of speech. Gerunds show action, so they act like verbs, but they also name, so they act like nouns by naming activities. The difference between gerunds and present participles is that present participles can be removed from the sentence without destroying the sentence.
Practice Together- Gerund or Participial Phrase?
1. Feeling so much better after the nap, Gunster dressed and went out.
Feeling so much better after the nap relieved Gunster.
2. His mom had warned Ricky about going down the staircase backward.
Ricky, going down the staircase backward, was very unsteady.
3. The damaged plane landed poorly, skidding left and right with sparks flying everywhere.
The captain during touchdown worried about skidding left and right with sparks flying everywhere.
What is an Argument?
An argument is a reasoned, logical way of demonstrating that the writer’s position, belief, or conclusion is valid. In English, students make claims about the worth or meaning of a literary works, defending their interpretation with evidence from the text, for example.
In short, arguments seek to make people believe that something is true or to persuade people to change their beliefs or behavior.
Logc-based
Claim – Your basic belief about a particular topic, issue, event, or idea
Counterclaim – A solid and reasonable argument that opposes or disagrees with your claim
Rebuttal – A written or verbal response to a counterclaim. The object of the rebuttal is to take into account the ideas presented in the counterclaim and explain why they aren’t persuasive enough, valid enough, or important enough to outweigh your own claim.
Support – Your specific facts or specific evidence used to support why your claim is true
Refute – Argue against a position or prove it to be wrong
Qualify – A "partly-agree" stance in which you agree (in part) with another person’s argument or position but also disagree with part of it.
Read Together!
Read the final chapter of The Tao of Pooh, "The Now of Pooh."The Tao of Pooh Argument Prompt
As a class, we have challenged whether Taoism is applicable to our day and age as Benjamin Hoff puts forth in The Tao of Pooh. How do we apply Taoism today? Is it possible? If so, how? If not, then why not? In your essay, you must tackle these questions using evidence from the book as well as your own experiences. You must firmly and effectively support your claims and analyze at least three of the following major themes of Taoism in The Tao of Pooh:• The Uncarved Block
• Inner Nature vs. Cleverness
• Wu Wei
• Bisy Backson
• The Great Nothing
Homework
We need to get serious about independent reading! Journal check coming Friday! You need to have 9 or 10 entries!